The London Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) Fairburn Tank 2-6-4T is a steam locomotive designed by Charles E. Fairburn. 277 of these locomotives were built between 1945 and 1951.  They were an ideal type for powering secondary, stopping and suburban passenger services and were popular with crews and enthusiasts.  They have a wide geographic spread especially in the north, Yorkshire and Lancashire.

The design was based on the earlier Stanier LMS Stanier 2-6-4T, which was derived from Henry Fowler's LMS Fowler 2-6-4T engine. Fairburn modified the design to have a shorter wheelbase, reduced from 16 ft 6 in (5.03 m) to 15 ft 4 in (4.67 m) allowing curves of 5 chains to be negotiated; to reduce the locomotives mass per unit length the overall weight was reduced by 3 long tons 8 cwt (7,600 lb or 3.5 t). It was also the basis for the later British Rail Standard Class 4 tank.